Design a File Storage Service

Handle uploads, metadata, permissions, virus scanning, thumbnails, and lifecycle policies.

35 min

3 sections

files

object-storage

uploads

01. Use direct upload for large files

Section 1 of 3

Route metadata through your API, but send bytes directly to object storage with pre-signed URLs. This avoids tying up application servers and makes retries easier.

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Upload flow:
1. Client requests upload session.
2. API creates file metadata row with status PENDING.
3. API returns pre-signed object storage URL.
4. Client uploads bytes directly to storage.
5. Storage event triggers scanner.
6. Scanner marks file READY or BLOCKED.
7. Thumbnail worker creates previews.

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